Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5) is a chemical compound, which is used as a chlorinating reagent. It is a water-sensitive, moisture-sensitive, pale yellow, and colorless solid having melting point of 148°C. It is hydrolyzed with water to form phosphorus oxychloride, phosphonic acid, and hydrochloric acid. Phosphorus pentachloride is used as a starting material for the synthesis of variegation of organic and inorganic phosphorus compounds used as phosphite antioxidants, pesticides, flame retardants, paint additives, lube oil, plasticizers and stabilizers for plastic and elastomers, and water treatment chemicals.
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Phosphorus pentachloride is hazardous in case of skin contact, inhalation, ingestion and eye contact. The tissue damage amount depends on the length of contact. For instance, skin contact can produce blistering and inflammation while, eye contact can cause blindness or corneal damage. Severe over-exposure can result choking, unconsciousness, lung damage or death. Several government organizations have stated the limit of exposure of phosphorus pentachloride.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): The legal airborne permissible limit of exposure is 1 mg/m3 for an average of 8 hour work shift.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH): The recommended airborne exposure limit is 1 mg/m3 for an average of 10 hour work shift.
Association Advancing Occupational and Environmental Health (AGGIH): The recommended airborne exposure limit is 0.85 mg/m3 for an average of 8 hour work shift.
Market Dynamics
Phosphorus pentachloride is mainly used as a chlorinating agent for manufacturing of dyes and pharmaceuticals. According to India International Trade Centre, more than 40% of the total production of dyes and dye intermediates in the world is catered by Chinese units.
The rapidly developing chemical industry is one of the major drivers for growth of the phosphorus pentachloride worldwide. Phosphorus pentachloride is used as a dehydrating agent and it is also used to produce stabilizers and plasticizers for elastomers and plastics, to improve the grain structure in metal casting.
However, the adverse effects caused by phosphorus pentachloride, as it reacts with water forming phosphoric and hydrochloride acid and producing heat for igniting combustible materials is one of the key restraining factors hindering the growth of phosphorus pentachloride market, globally. According to National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), phosphorus pentachloride is dangerous and cause severe skin burns and is an explosive gas.
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Phosphorus Pentachloride Market Outlook
Phosphorus Pentachloride market in Asia Pacific is growing rapidly due to increasing demand especially from the emerging economies such as China and India. According to IBEF (India Brand Equity Foundation), India’s chemical industry is the third largest producer in Asia Pacific and sixth in terms of output in the world. Moreover, the market of chemical industry in India was valued at US$ 144 billion in 2015, and is expected to reach US$ 403 billion in 2025. This is anticipated to augment grow of the phosphorus pentachloride market in this region and across the globe. Moreover, India accounts for around 16% of the global dyestuff and dye intermediates production, thereby enhancing the utilization of phosphorus pentachloride in Asia Pacific.
North America held a prominent market share in the global phosphorus pentachloride market in 2017, with U.S. being the major contributor to the market growth in 2017. According to the U.S Department of Commerce, U.S. accounts for 15% of the global chemical shipments, and ranks first in the chemical production and exports. In 2016, the U.S. chemical industry experienced sales exceeding US$ 800 billion with an investment of US$ 91 billion in the research and development in the same year. This is further anticipated to propel growth of the phosphorus pentachloride market in this region.
Key Players
Key players operating in the global phosphorus pentachloride market include Xuzhou JianPing Chemical Co., Ltd., Tongshan Hongda Fine Chemical, Jiangxi Jixiang Pharmchemical Co., Ltd., Suzhou Hantech Chemical Co., Ltd, Shijiazhuang Zhonghao Chemical Co., Ltd., and United Phosphorus Limited among others.
Market Taxonomy
Global Phosphorus Pentachloride market is segmented into:
By Type
Qualified: content>= 98%
First Grade: content>= 99%
High Class Products: content>=99.5%
By End-Use Industry
Pharmaceutical Industry
Chemical Industry
Dye Industry
Others
By region
North America
U.S.
Canada
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